The bombing on Saturday killed more than 300 people and injured at least 400 others.
Officials said it bore the hallmarks of the al Qaeda-linked al Shabaab group, but they have not claimed responsibility.
Osman said Somalia does not have a blood bank and that the limitations of its health care system was impeding the medical response.
Countries including Turkey and Qatar are providing medical assistance.
“We are requesting blood, we are requesting assistance for verifying the dead in order for their relatives to know,” Osman told Reuters by phone from Mogadishu.
Somalia has been mired in conflict since 1991, when clan warlords overthrew a dictator then turned on each other.
One of the poorest countries in Africa, it faces severe food insecurity and relies on foreign donors to support its institutions and basic services.
Osman said the bodies of more than 100 people buried on Monday “were blown beyond recognition”, and that he hoped other bodies could still be identified.
“They are treating people in hospitals in Mogadishu,” the minister said.
Turkey evacuated 35 critically wounded Somalis to Ankara by plane on Monday, the country’s deputy prime minister Recep Akdag told reporters upon returning from Somalia.
An increasingly close ally of Somalia, Turkey opened a 50 million dollars military base in the capital in September.
The minister said medicine from neighbouring nations Djibouti and Kenya arrived by plane on Tuesday and “air ambulance” was en route from the Gulf state of Qatar.
Qatar would be evacuating 25 more injured people to a hospital in Sudan.(Reuters/NAN)
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